What is unemployment? How the Crises of Unemployment can be solved In India in 2020 ?
Rising levels of the
unemployment have been brought into sharp focus by a sharp contraction of 23.9% in
India’s GDP in the First Quarter.
The Lockdown are likely
to result in the indian economy contracting
by over 10% in the full financial year.
This is expect to
result in more and
more people losing Jobs apart from fewer
new entrants finding work.
Yearly prediction
Decline GDP – 10% in a year.
GDP Contraction -23.9%
2) GDP contraction -
Manufacturing
,Production less and
Unemployment increases.
3) In other words the
number of unemployed is likely to grow not just because more and more people
entering the labour force fail to find jobs.
But also because
several already employed are likely to lose their jobs.
Above mentioned factors
1 and 2 are
Important.
Now I will discuss some
criteria which everyone should know , ie .
How to calculate the
unemployment rate in india ?
What are the
organizations involved in finding the Rate of Unemployment in India.
Lack of Data :
Any analysis of the jobs
situation in India is marked by the lack of prompt
Data on employment and
unemployment.
Real Time data, Job Analysis is a problem in India.
India official data on
unemployment provided through the
PLFS(Periodic
Labour Force Survey ),which is conducted by The
National Statistical
office under the Ministry of Statastics and programme implementation comes out
with a considerable lag.
The PLFS is an annual survey that also provides quarterly updates
but the latest PLFS reports, which was released in june ,purtains to july 2018
to june 2019 period.
combine together and collectively termed
as PLFS.
There is a considerable lag in Real time Data (Analysis) , it takes Long time at least
one and two year delay.
Reports are published
after a long duration.
In
the absence of official estimates the surveys done by CMIE, are often seen as
the benchmark.
However it should be understood
that
CMIE and PLFS data are
not comparable because of methodological and in particular difference
/definitional.
Center for Monitoring Indian
Economy (Think Tank) survey established in 1976.
Data analysis for
Household Income,
Employment rate,Unemployment Rate in country.
Pattern of savings of
individuals etc.
There is a difference
in CMIE and Periodic labour force survey data.
In
November 2019 a research paper by santosh mehrotra and jajati parida, published
by the centre of sustainable employment at the Azim Premji University.
Analysed
PLF’s 2017-18 data and found that for the first time in Independent India the
total number of employed people declined between 2011-12 and 2017-18
State of employment and
unemployment
|
|
Year 2011
-2012 |
Year 2017-18
|
|
Unemployment rate |
2.2 |
6.1% |
|
Total Unemployed |
10 million (1 Crore) |
30 million (3
Crore) |
The
worst affected were the youth those between the ages 15 and 29.
The
total Number of unemployed youth went up marginally from 8.9 million in 2004-05
to 09 million in 2011-2012 but shoot up to 25.1 million by 2017-18.
The
Covid Pandemic now has of course completely destroy the picture .
India
could have as many as 50 million unemployed at present.
Jobs
are less so unemployment increases.
CMIE
,Centre for monitoring Indian Economy since 2016 has been conducting its own
survey’s to track employment and unemployment levels in India on a weekly
basis.
However
their definition for judging employment is far stricter and as such the data is
not comparable to PLFS.
Covid
19 Job Crisis : 50 Lakh affected in
India .
Jobs
Required in India
India
needs to add around 10 million to 12
millions new jobs /vacancy each year for the coming decade.
A
recent McKinsey study , too pegged the total number of non –farm jobs that India
needed to create in the coming decade between 90 million to 140 million.
Cause
of Unemployment in India
1)
Slow Rate of Economic Growth(GDP)
Overall
economic growth is inversely proportional to unemployment rate.
2)
Population Control
There is a relationship between demand and
supply.
If Demand is more and supply is less than the
Rate of product will be increased.
Same concept is applicable for students and
Jobs.
If Many Students participating in competition
and jobs/vacancy is less than This is the worst situation.
Only
intelligent and deserving candidate will get the job.
Other
candidate will suffer and do not get employed.
So
I want to say that India’s increasing Population
is one of the main reason behind unemployment problem in India.
3)
Undeveloped Agriculture Sector.
India’s
agriculture sector is directly linked with Unemployment.
If
Government make suitable policies and
provide
Proper
set up of small scale industries in Villages .
Goverenment
should focus on Agriculture based
Industries
so that migration of farmers and their children will stop.
Than
the migration of students will not occur and city population is not overcrowded.
In
that case it is easy for government to control Unemployment.
4)
Effective Education System
Lack
of proper education system is the cause of unemployment.
5)
Industry Growth Rate.
Government
should make policies for increasing the Growth rate of industry.
6)Decreasing
cottages and SSI(Small scale Industries)
7)
Lack of proper planning.
8)
Inadequate Educated Planning.
9)Low
capital formation.
How to solve the problem of
unemployment in India ?
1)
Accelerate growth of GDP.
As
GDP(Gross domestic product)
increases
unemployment decreases.
2)
Control Over Population
As
the population decreases there is a chance of employment for all students in
India.
Goverentment
should run campaign for controlling population in India.
Awareness
program for hazards of over population has to be conducted by Government of
India.
3)Special Employment Programme.
This
is a program conducted by Government for providing Employment to unemployed
people.
Like
100 days employment program already conducted in India.
4)
Employment
Exchange
Government
should provide special efforts to
provide infrastructure to Employment Exchange so that exchange will work
according to the requirement of the country and organize training program to unemployed
peoples in India and then provide them employment
5)
Infrastructure
Development
Better
the infrastructure better will be the rate of employment.
Infrastructure
development is directly proportional to
the rate of employment.
Road,Transport,
School,Hospitals,
Bridges,dams,communication
etc comes under Infrastructure development.
More
is the Infrastructure development More is the employee needed for development.
Like
labour, worker, Archtecture, Engineer etc
6)
Incouragement
of small scale Enterprises.
More
is the small scale enterprises more people get employed in it.
7)
Development
of PSU(Public sector Unit)
More
is the PSU in India , More chances of employment in PSU.
PSU
(Public sector Unit) have organizations in which Government has some control .
Some
PSU’S are BHEL,GAIL, ONGC,NTPC,SAIL,NALCO,etc.
PSU
provide employment to large number of population.
8) Government
should focus on imparting Technology Updates.
Skills
are required in future for competing with the Globalization.
One
of the latest Technology is Artificial Intelligency.
Educate
young generation with Artificial Intelligency and Develop a Nation from
Developing Country to Developed Country.
I
have already written a article on
Artificial
Intellgency.
If
interested in reading Please visit
My
website Blog
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
( REVOLUTIONARY CHANGE)
9)Our Prime Minister shri Narendra Modi has already mentioned that Tommorow will
be
the day of Practical Knowledge.
Impart
proper practical approach and apply
proper knowledge which we have studied in education is the need of the day.
ITI
and polytechnic
Institutes
are the backbone of our nation.
There
are many trades in ITI , ie fitter, carpenter and many more .
ITI
students get employed in Many PSU, like BHEL and also in Indian Railway.
I
have already written a article on
How to Get Job after 10 th after
doing ITI ?
If
interested in reading Please visit
My
website Blog
Some
of the the program like Startup India/Digital India ,a Initiative program started by government of India.
Lets
Discuss Startup India program in detail.
Start up India/Digital India
Programe
Started
by Government of India in 2015.
It
is started for providing facilities for businesses.
Now
Business is Recognized as Startup India.
There are certain terms and conditions in it like,
05
year from establishment date for a company is categorized under startup.
Now
05 year from establishment date for a company is changed to 07 year.
It
means upto 07 year from establishment date company comes under startup India program.
For
some companies like Biotech or pharma , medicine ,research based
Company
the startup India progam is upto 10 year from the date of establishment.
Any
company that is (LLB) Low level Business or Pvt(Private Limited company) comes
under startup India.
Individual or proprietary company is not eligible for recognizing itself under start up india Program.
There
are certain benefits for companies under start up india program
1)
simplified Process of
registration .
2)
Funding by Government of
India/Incentives
3)
Some
facilities like tax break,patent registration,trademark ,copyright etc are
provided for start up India program with ease.
4)
The main initiative for start up india
is to provide employment opportunities to unemployed by providing skilled development
program.
5)
Many Incubation centers has been
established in India (Around 20) start up hub at NIIT.
(National Institue of Technology)
07 Research Park
established at IIT.
Indian Institute of
Technology
6)
Funding of Rs 10000 crore has been
provided by government of India for start up progam.
Till
date there are around 8000 companies registered themselves in start up India
program.
But
only 87 companies are running this program properly.
Challenges in StartUp India Program
This is a program started with great cause , to provide Employment and develop
skills in peoples.
But
this program is not succeeded as much as accepted due to lack of attention,
Inadequate
Policy and improper support from Government
of india.
So
These type of initiatives are Needed for solving the crises of unemployment.
But
Government should be careful in solving these issues so that proper goal has
been achieved.
In the last I will
discuss the most important habits for capturing better opportunity
So
you have to develop these habits
in
yourself for getting Jobs.
1
) Effective Communication
2)
Presentation.
3)
Appear in interview.
4)
Deal with hesitation and Group Discussion.
5)
Solving Problem
6)
Critical Thinking
7)
Solving Conflict
8)
Decision Making.
9)
Empathy
10)
How to behave.
11)
Deal in frustration
12)How
money works
13)
Attitude.
So if you develop your skills and above mentioned habits in yourself. you will get your dream(Job) come true.
